Affiliation: | (1) the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, 812-8581 Fukuoka, Japan;(2) the Department of Technology, Fukuoka University of Education, 811-4192 Munakata, Fukuoka, Japan;(3) the Departments of Materials Science and Mechanical Engineering, University of Southern California, 90089-1453 Los Angeles, CA |