热喷涂纳米涂层20年回顾与展望

概述了热喷涂纳米涂层的发展,包括通过纳米粉体的再造粒技术形成热喷涂纳米结构涂层的过程,热喷涂纳米结构氧化铝/氧化钛耐磨抗蚀涂层材料的研发、产业化与成功应用,偶然获得热喷涂纳米自润滑涂层的过程,液料热喷涂纳米热障涂层的研发,新型热喷涂纳米热障涂层材料等。展望了热喷涂纳米涂层技术在国防和民用领域的应用前景,预计到2025年,全球热喷涂纳米涂层市场会达到65亿美元,其中20%左右的市场份额在中国。最后,指出通过对纳米粉体进行再造粒,在纳微观尺度上调控可喷涂粉体喂料的成分和组织结构,能够获得各种所需性能的纳米结构热喷涂涂层,可以用纳米材料制备出常规材料无法获得的全新高性能热喷涂纳米涂层,以满足各种高端装备关键构件的各种表面性能需求。所以,要通过政产学研用合作创新,加快纳米结构可喷涂粉体喂料产业化,发展高性能的热喷涂纳米涂层。

Review and Prospects for 20-year Development of Thermal Sprayed Nanocoatings

The work briefly described the development of thermal sprayed nanocoatings including the fabrication of thermal sprayed nanostructured coatings by using reconstituted nano-powders, the research and development, industrialization and successful application of thermal sprayed nanostructured alumina/titania coating materials, the process of accidentally getting thermal sprayed nanostructured self-lubricating coating, the research and development of liquid material thermal sprayed nanostructured thermal barrier coatings as well as a novel thermal sprayed nanostructured thermal barrier coating material and the like. It also prospected the applications of thermal sprayed nano-coating technology in defense and civil use. As estimated, by 2025, the global thermal spray nano-coating market would reach $ 6.5 billion, of which about 20% market share would be held by China. Finally, it pointed out that regranulation with nano-powder could regulate composition and structure of sprayable powder feedstock in microscale and form thermal sprayed nanocoatings with all kinds of required performances. Nanomaterials could be used to prepare novel high-performance thermal sprayed nanocoatings which could not be obtained with conventional materials, in order to meet a variety of surface performance requirements necessary for advanced equipment key components. Therefore, through cooperation and innovation of government administration, production, study, research and application, it is necessary to accelerate the industrialization of sprayable nanostructured powder feedstock and develop high-performance thermal sprayed nanostructured coatings.