中国石油非常规油气发展现状、挑战与关注问题

进入21世纪,全球非常规油气发现进入活跃期,致密油/页岩油产量快速增长,页岩气产量持续增长,致密气、煤层气产量稳定,天然气水合物试采取得突破。近年来,中国非常规油气勘探开发取得显著进展,页岩气、致密油、致密气产量快速增长,页岩油勘探开发上升到国家战略高度。中国石油天然气集团有限公司(以下简称中国石油)矿权区内致密油、页岩油资源丰富,近期在11个区块相继获得勘探发现和突破,初步建成了多个规模产能区;在鄂尔多斯盆地开展了中低成熟度页岩油原位转化现场先导试验,陆相页岩油革命正在积极组织推进。鉴于中国当前油气对外依存度居高不下、需求旺盛的实际情况和陆相沉积复杂的地质条件,非常规油气的规模效益开发仍面临地质评价、"甜点"预测、钻完井与采油气工艺技术、经济评价和管理等方面的一系列挑战。为实现中国石油非常规油气资源效益勘探开发,需重点关注和处理好全生命周期管理、一体化运作、大数据应用、合理的配产政策、技术与成本、市场化等关键问题,以期推动非常规油气产业高质量发展,保障国家能源安全。

Progress,challenges and key issues of unconventional oil and gas development of CNPC

Since the 21st century,discoveries of global unconventional oil and gas have entered an active period.The production of tight oil/shale oil has increased rapidly,the shale gas has continued to grow,the tight gas and Coal Bed Methane(CBM)have been stable and breakthroughs have been obtained in the early production tests of natural gas hydrate(NGH).In recent years,signifi cant progress has been made in exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas in China.The production of shale gas,tight oil and tight gas have been increasing rapidly,the exploration and development of shale oil has risen to the national strategic level.The tight oil and shale oil resources in the mining-right blocks of China National Petroleum Corporation(CNPC)are abundant.Recently,exploration discoveries and breakthroughs have been made in 11 blocks,and several large-scale productivity blocks have been preliminarily established.Pilot tests of in-situ conversion of shale oil with medium-low maturity have been carried out in the Ordos Basin,and the continental shale oil revolution is being actively promoted.Currently,the external dependence of oil and gas is high in China,and the demand is strong.However,due to the complicated geological conditions of continental sediments,large-scale benefi t development of unconventional oil and gas is still facing a series of challenges in geological evaluation,sweet spot prediction,drilling and completion,oil and gas production technologies,economic evaluation and management.In order to achieve the benefi t exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas resources of CNPC,key issues should be focused and well treated,such as whole life cycle management,integration operation,big data application,appropriate production allocation strategy,technology and cost,marketization and so on,to promote the high-quality development of unconventional oil and gas industry and ensure the national energy security.