焦化废水处理技术及其污泥细菌菌群 结构功能研究进展

焦化废水是一种高负荷、有毒、难降解的有机废水,传统处理工艺难以满足日益严格的排 放标准。 目前,焦化废水处理系统普遍采用预处理、生物处理和深度处理等组合工艺。 生物处理 作为整个水处理系统的主体与核心,具有成本低、无二次污染等优点,在难降解有机物的去除方 面发挥了至关重要的作用。 针对焦化废水极低的可生化性、水质水量波动性较大、生物工艺处理 效率低和运行不稳定等问题,本文综述了焦化废水水质分析、监测技术以及多种焦化废水预处 理、生物处理和深度处理技术等方面的研究进展,特别是分析了生物处理段污泥微生物菌群结构 及其对污染物的去除作用,对各种水处理新技术进行了盘点和展望,以期为今后焦化废水处理技 术的优化和新技术的开发提供基础。

Coking wastewater treatment technology and its bacterial community structure and function in sludge

Cokingwastewaterisatypicalrefractoryindustrialwastewaterwithhighorganicload.Theincreasingly stringent effluent discharge standards have posed great challenges to traditional coking wastewatertreatmentprocesses.Cokingwastewatertreatmentsystemistypicallyacombinationofpretreatment,biologicaltreatmentandadvancedtreatment.Therein,biologicaltreatment,asthemainbody andthekeysegmentofthewholesystem,hastheadvantagesoflowcostandnosecondarypollution,and playsanimportantroleintheremovalofrefractoryorganicmatter.However,thebiologicalprocessesare generallyconfrontedwiththeproblemsoflowefficiencyandunstableoperationduetotheextremelylow biodegradabilityandlargefluctuationofcokingwastewaterquality.Inviewoftheseproblems,thispaper mainlyreviewstheanalysistechniquesofcokingwastewaterqualityaswellasvariouspretreatment,biologicaltreatmentandadvancedtreatmenttechnologies.Inparticular,themicrobialconsortiumstructureandfunctionofdegrading-bacteriaofpollutantinthebio-treatmentsectionaresummarized.Thevarious emergingwatertreatmenttechnologiesareprospected.Alltheseresultsprovideatheoreticalbasisforthe optimizationofcokingwastewatertreatmenttechnologyanddevelopmentofthenewtechnologyinthefuture.