润滑油清净剂胶体结构与性能关系的研究

以冷冻蚀刻电镜观测法测定了润滑油清净剂烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基水杨酸盐和硫化烷基酸盐的胶体粒子粒径及粒径分布，以热沉降法、对水与甲醇稳定性法、酸中和速率测定法、曲轴箱模拟评定法以及１１０５、１１３５Ｄ台架评定方法研究了清净剂的胶体稳定性、酸中和能力、清净分散能力等。研究结果表明，清净剂中胶体粒子越小、越均匀，胶体稳定性越好，热氧化安定性及清净分散能力也越好，使用性能也较优；酸中和能力随产品碱值升高而增强，与胶体粒子的粒径及粒径分布关系不大。

STUDIES ON THE RELATION BETWEEN THE MICELLAR STRUCTURE OF LUBRICATING OIL DETERGENTS AND ITS PERFORMANCE

The diameter and diameter distribution of the micellar particles which were dispersed in lubricating oil detergents, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylsalicylates and sulfurized alkylphenates, were determined by freeze-etching sample making and electron microscopic observation method. The micelle stability, acid neutralization ability and detergency of those detergents were evaluated by thermal storage stability, stability-to-water (methanol), acid neutralization rate measurement and crankcase simulate evaluation methods, and 1105, 1135D bench test as well. The results revealed that the smaller and better distributed particles the detergents contained, the better performance such as micelle stability, thermal oxidization stability and detergency obtained. Acid neutralization ability increased with the increase of the total basicity number of the detergents, however, the diameter and diameter distribution of the micellar particles of the detergents had no effect on it.