顶管施工引起地表塌陷及关键技术分析

长距离大断面顶管施工不可避免的引起土体扰动和土层损失,导致土体塌陷和地表拉裂等现象.以某长距离超大断面顶管工程为工程研究背景,对顶管施工引起土体变形的机理展开了分析,对顶进施工过程中土体产生塌陷、地表出现张拉裂缝的原因进行了阐释,探讨了地表变位对周边建筑（构筑）物的影响,以及分析了该工程中运用的进出洞、中继器、触变泥浆减阻、加强现场监测、以及其他应急措施这5种关键控制技术,得到了一些保证工程施工安全的有益的经验.

Research on Terrestrial Deformation and Controlled Measures by Pipe-jacking

It is inevitable that the long-distance and large section pipe-jacking engineering might deduce soil disturbance and ground loss, thus resulting in terrestrial deformation and surface cracking. Taking the long-distance and large section pipe-jacking for an example, it analyses the mechanics of the soil deformation and the major reasons for the surface collapse and the extensional cracks, as well as the influences on surrounding buildings and structures caused by surface settlement. Further, the controlled measures, such as departure and reception of pipe-jacking, the adoption of repeater, thixotropic slurry to reduce resistance, reinforced in-situ monitoring and some contingency measures are presented. In the application of these effective and technical measures, some useful experiences to ensure the construction safety were draw.