农业水文SWAP 模型及其应用研究进展

SWAP(Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant)模型是近几年发展迅速、在农田水利与土壤科学等领域应用较广泛的农业水文模型，主要用于对作物灌溉制度的制定与评价、地下水位埋深动态变化的预测、土壤溶质（盐分、化肥、农药）运移预测、作物生长与产量预测等。本文对SWAP模型进行了简要介绍，总结了SWAP模型在田间尺度上模拟土壤水盐运移变化、地下水位变化、农田排水量、作物生长过程及水分生产力等几个主要方面的研究，以及SWAP模型与其他模型耦合联用，使模型能够由田间尺度向区域尺度扩展，得到更好的应用和推广。提出了模型在应用时需要注意的几个问题及建议，使SWAP模型变得更加完善。

Development of study on Agro-hydrological SWAP model and its application

The SWAP (Soil-Water-Atmosphere-Plant) model is an agro-hydrological model that is widely used in the fields of irrigation and water conservancy and soil science. It has developed rapidly in recent years. The SWAP model is used for formulation and evaluation of crop irrigation system, prediction of groundwater table depth dynamic, prediction of soil solute (salt, chemical fertilizer and pesticide) transport and prediction of crop growth and yield. This study briefly introducs the SWAP model and its theory. It summarizs the SWAP model that is simulated in soil water and salt transport, groundwater table depth dynamic, farmland drainage and crop growth and water productivity on the farmland scale. The SWAP model is also coupled with other models and could be extended from farmland scale to regional scale,for the sake of its better application and promotion. Morever, it points out that several problems and suggestings are worth attentions in the application of the SWAP model in order to make the model become more perfect.