双断口真空断路器配合特性仿真与试验

针对目前多断口真空断路器多采用并联均压电容,均压可能存在运行隐患的问题,通过研究双断口真空断路器间隙,配合和不同横磁(TMF)触头和纵磁(AMF)触头真空灭弧室组合取缔均压电容得到最佳的开断能力。基于真空电弧连续过渡模型建立了双断口真空断路器仿真模型,通过仿真与合成回路试验,研究了不同燃弧时间、不同期性和不同组合方式对开断能力的影响。仿真得到横纵组合方式具有最强的开断能力,且非同期动作(高压侧滞后动作)具有更强的开断能力,并得到了双断口真空断路器最佳间隙配合特性。试验结果验证了仿真结果,并且证明了双断口真空断路器非同期动作存在电压分布反转和开断突变区间。最后得到双断口真空断路器优化方案——对真空灭弧室的优化和非同期间隙的最佳配合,实现自均压效果进而取缔均压电容,为多断口真空断路器的发展提供了新的思路与方法。

Simulation and Experimental of Matching Characteristics of Vacuum Circuit Breakers with Double-Break

In order to eliminate the operation risks of grading capacitors which are widely connected to vacuum circuit breakers (VCBs) with multi-break in parallel, the matching characteristics of double-break VCBs including different gaps and different contacts were studied. Thus the optimal breaking capacity can be obtained without grading capacitors. According to the continuous transition model, the simulation model of double-break VCBs was established. The influence of different arcing time, asynchronous breaking and different combinations on breaking capacity was studied. The combination of transverse magnetic field (TMF) and axial magnetic field (AMF) has the strongest breaking capacity. The breaking capacity will be stronger when the vacuum gap of the upper side is less than that of the lower side, and the optimal matching gaps characteristics were acquired by the simulation results. The test results confirmed the existence of voltage distribution reversal and abrupt arising region. Furthermore, the optimum proposal of double-break VCBs, which included optimization design of the interrupters and optimal matching vacuum gaps is proposed to realize the even voltage distribution without grading capacitors.