基于3S的土地利用数据库更新技术研究

以湖南省株洲市天元区土地利用数据库为研究对象,探索利用3S技术对土地利用数据库进行更新的技术和方法.利用静态GPS实测地面控制点,ERMAPPER为平台对QuickBird卫星数据进行几何精校正,校正后图像的点位误差控制在1个像元左右,以此作为标准校正SPOT-5、ETM＋和TM图像.将校正后SPOT-5图像导入MAPGIS与同期的土地利用现状图匹配,对发生变化的地块逐个进行标记,共标识图斑189个.在试验区内建立高精度GPS基站和移动站一套,利用移动站对变化图斑进行野外实测,数据经格式转换后导入MAPGIS 内,对土地利用现状的图形库和属性库分别进行更新.结果表明：采用3S技术可以快速、准确、高效地更新土地利用数据库,实现土地利用现状短周期预测预报的目的.

Study on the Method of Updating Land-use Database Based on 3S Technology in Zhuzhou

This paper explored a new method of updating land-use database by 3S technology in Tianyuan district,Zhuzhou,Hunan province.QuickBird image was corrected by using ER MAPPER 6.2.The GCPs were measured by GPS in field,and the error on the corrected image was about 1 pixel.SPOT-5,ETM and TM image were corrected respectively.The corrected SPOT-5 image was overlaped on the land-use data by Mapgis,189 varied patches were found and labeled.A set of GPS points was also built up in test area.All the labeled patches were measured by the PDA,and input to the land-use database and renewed.The result showed that the 3S technology is accurate,quick and efficient,and offered a method of monitoring and predicting land-use in short time.