微波加热CO2活化法制备生物质活性炭及其脱硫性能研究

以富含含氮官能团的大豆秸秆为原料前体，结合微波加热的特殊优势，将微波加热技术应用于大豆秸秆热解和活化工艺。以热解固体产物为活化原料，以CO₂为活化剂进行活性炭制备研究，以期制备出高脱硫性能的生物质活性炭。首先通过正交实验设计及极差分析得出最优活化水平，再通过单因素实验法考察微波功率、CO₂流量和活化时间对活性炭产率、孔隙结构以及脱硫性能的影响。对比分析选出最佳活化条件为微波功率900 W，CO₂流量0.10 L/min，活化时间20 min。在此条件下活性炭产率为76.3%（质量），SO₂饱和吸附容量为112.56 mg/g，比表面积为466.28 m²/g。相比热解炭，活性炭的比表面积更大，孔隙更加丰富，脱硫性能显著提高。

Study on preparation and desulfurization characteristics of biomass activated carbon by microwave heating CO2 activation method

Taking soybean straw rich in nitrogen-containing functional groups as the raw material precursor, combined with the special advantages of microwave heating, microwave heating technology is applied to the pyrolysis and activation process of soybean straw. The pyrolysis solid product is used as the activation raw material, and CO₂ is used as the activator to study the preparation of activated carbon, in order to prepare the biomass activated carbon with high desulfurization performance. First, the optimal activation level was obtained by orthogonal experimental design and range analysis. Then, the effects of microwave power, CO₂ flow rate and activation time on the yield, pore structure and desulfurization performance of activated carbon were investigated by single factor experiment. The optimal activation conditions were selected by comparative analysis: microwave power 900 W, CO₂ flow rate 0.10 L/min, activation time 20 min. Under these conditions, the yield of activated carbon is 76.3%(mass), the SO₂ adsorbance quantity is 112.56 mg/g, specific surface area is 466.28 m²/g. Compared with pyrolytic carbon, activated carbon has larger specific surface area and more abundant pores and significantly improved desulfurization performance.