基于“雁阵效应” 的扑翼飞行机器人高效集群编队研究

本文借鉴“雁阵效应”, 研究了扑翼飞行机器人高效集群编队飞行问题. 通过对“V”字雁阵的分析得知, 当前排大雁(简称头雁)和后排大雁(简称从雁)保持某一合适的相对位置偏移时, 后排大雁可有效利用前排大雁挥翅产生的上洗涡流, 从而节省体能; 并且, 雁阵通过阵型的变换, 可以实现能量整体消耗的均衡性, 确保长航时飞行. 仿照该“雁阵效应”, 分析得出耗能最少的扑翼飞行机器人集群阵型排布方式, 并设计了阵型变换机制, 实现集群能量整体消耗的最优性和均衡性. 在此基础上, 参考雁群的交互方式, 设计了一种使用局部信息的控制方法, 保证最优阵型的稳定维持以及阵型间的灵活变换. 最后, 仿真结果验证了所提理论结果的有效性.

Efficient Formation of Flapping-wing Aerial Vehicles Based on Wild Geese Queue Effect

Based on the wild geese queue effect, this paper studies the efficient formation issue of flapping-wing aerial vehicles. By analyzing the formation manner with configuration “V”, it is shown that the rear wild geese can effectively save energy with the aid of the upwash airflow generated by the flutter of the front wild geese, when they maintain proper position offsets. Moreover, the uniform consumption of energy of the overall cluster can be maintained by reasonable configuration transformation such that the long-endurance formation is warranted. Borrowing from the intuition of the wild geese queue effect, we formulate a well-specified configuration of flapping-wing aerial vehicles with the least energy consumption, and design a mechanism of configuration transformation, which guarantees the optimization and uniformity of the overall energy consumption. In addition, referring to the interaction manner of the wild geese, we propose a control approach using local information such that the stable maintenance of the optimal configuration and the flexible transformation between distinct configurations are ensured. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed main results.