基于适宜生态水位的通州区平原河网引排水研究

平原河网地区水系连通,闸泵工程众多,工程调度中存在引水缺指导依据、引水时机欠科学等问题。考虑河道水位与生态需水的逐月变化,提出了基于河道适宜生态水位区间指导闸泵工程引、排水调度的计算方法。以南通市通州区为例,将年内水位划分为3个水位管理期,确定河道适宜生态水位区间并进行修正,以适宜生态水位作为控制目标,对工程现状引排水量进行调整。研究结果表明:（1）高水位时期（7—10月）,适宜生态水位区间为1.77~1.99 m;过渡时期（4—6月及11月）,适宜生态水位区间为1.54~1.95 m;低水位时期（12月—次年3月）,适宜生态水位区间为1.46~1.77 m;（2）在满足适宜生态水位区间的基础上,6月中旬及下旬需增加引水287.56 万m3、399.56万m3,其余时段均应减少引水量,共减少引水量6 064.11 万m3,7—9月需减少引水量最大。适宜生态水位思路能够客观反映河网水位年内实际变化,便于水利部门管理,给出的基于适宜生态水位约束下工程需调整的引、排水量,可为平原河网地区引排水工程调度提供参考。

Study on water diversion and drainage of plain river network in Tongzhou district based on suitable ecological water level

The plain river network area is connected with water systems, and there are many sluice pump projects. There are problems such as lack of guidance for water diversion and unscientific timing of water diversion in engineering scheduling. This study considers the monthly changes of the river water level and ecological water demand, and proposes a calculation method based on the appropriate ecological water level interval of the river to guide the diversion and drainage of the sluice pump project. Taking Tongzhou District of Nantong City as an example, the water level in the year was divided into three water level management periods, the appropriate ecological water level interval of the river was determined and corrected, the appropriate ecological water level was taken as the control target, and the current diversion and drainage volume of the project was adjusted. The results show that: (1) The high water level period is from July to October, with the suitable ecological water level range 1.77~1.99 m; the transitional period includes April to June and November, with the suitable ecological water level range 1.54~1.95 m; the low water level period is from December to March of the next year, with the suitable ecological water level range 1.46~1.77 m. (2) On the basis of meeting the suitable ecological water level interval, the water diversion needs to be increased by 287.56×104 m3 and 399.56×104 m3 in the middle and late June, and the water diversion volume should be reduced during the rest of the period, especially from July to September, and the water diversion volume should be reduced by 6 064.11×104 m3. The suitable ecological water level calculated in this paper can objectively reflect the actual changes of river network water level during the year, which is convenient for the management of water conservancy departments. The given water diversion and drainage volume that needs to be adjusted under the constraints of suitable ecological water level can provide references for water diversion and drainage engineering scheduling in plain river network areas.