液体型妥尔油沥青酰胺树脂的合成及降滤失性能评价

为减少传统沥青类降滤失剂对环境的影响，并提高油基钻井液的高温封堵能力，以天然植物油加工尾料妥尔油沥青为原料，采用顺丁烯二酸酐和多元有机胺依次对其进行改性，所得产物溶于环保溶剂油，制备得到液体降滤失剂BZ-FLA。红外光谱分析和核磁共振分析表明，最终产物BZ-FLA主要为顺丁烯二酸酐改性的树脂酸和多元有机胺缩合而成的交联型妥尔油沥青酰胺树脂。分别评价液体降滤失剂在典型油基钻井液中以及无土相油基钻井液中的性能，结果表明，液体降滤失剂BZ-FLA抗温达180 ℃，加量为0.75%～1.0%时可将钻井液高温高压滤失量降至4.0 mL以内，与常规沥青降滤失剂加量3%的效果相当。BZ-FLA与沥青类和褐煤类降滤失剂复合使用，可进一步提高油基钻井液的封堵能力。BZ-FLA在无土相油基钻井液中降滤失效果同样显著。 

Synthesis of Liquid Tall Oil Asphalt Amide Resin and Evaluation of Its Filtration Control Performance

To minimize the negative effects of conventional asphalt filter loss reducers on the environment and to enhance the plugging capacity of oil based drilling fluids at elevated temperatures, a liquid filter loss reducer BZ-FLA was produced by stepwise modifying a tall oil asphalt (a tail from natural oil processing) with maleic anhydride (MA) and polyamine, and then dissolving the product of the modification in an environmentally friendly solvent oil. IR spectroscopy and NMR analyses have proved that the final product of the aforementioned reaction, BZ-FLA, is a crosslinking tall oil asphalt amide resin which is a condensate of MA modified resin acid and polyamines. Evaluation of the performance of a typical oil based drilling fluid and a clay-free oil based drilling fluid both treated with BZ-FLA showed that BZ-FLA functions well at temperatures as high as 180 ℃. Filter loss of the typical oil based drilling fluid treated with 0.75%-1.0% BZ-FLA is less than 4.0 mL, comparable to the filtration control performance of 3% conventional asphalt filter loss reducer. Oil based drilling fluids treated with BZ-FLA, asphalt and lignite filter loss reducers exhibit enhanced plugging capacity. BZ-FLA is also equally effective in reducing filtration rate of clay-free oil based drilling fluids.