海面目标高分辨率卫星成像仿真方法

海洋目标高空间分辨率遥感成像仿真技术在海面目标探测识别等方面得到了广泛应用。舰船与海水流体交互作用在高分辨率下得以显现，对其产生的复杂流场辐射模拟是成像仿真的主要难点。重点研究了舰船航行过程中与海水交互产生的流场几何形态和物性变化，提出了与海面方向辐射特性的耦合作用模型及海洋目标高分辨率遥感成像仿真方法。通过频谱分析的方法构建海面三维模型，使用计算流体力学的方法构造了船只航行流场的三维几何模型。根据海面组分分布的不同将其辐射特性与三维结构关联，构建了亚米级海洋场景三维辐射模型。通过辐射传输计算、场景内部多次反射模拟及大气影响和传感器效应仿真，最终得到观测条件下的卫星遥感图像。结果表明，将GF-6卫星全色波段实测图像与相同成像条件下的仿真图像对比，图像均值的误差为9.17%，标准差误差为9.21%，在平均灰度值、灰度分布、纹理细节等方面都具有较好的一致性，可以较真实地模拟高分辨率卫星成像下的海洋目标场景。

Simulation method of high resolution satellite imaging for sea surface target

High resolution remote sensing imaging simulation technology for sea surface target has been widely used in sea surface target detection and recognition. The interaction between ship and seawater can be seen in high resolution, and the radiation simulation of complex flow field is the main difficulty of imaging simulation. The geometry and physical properties of the flow field generated by the interaction between the ship and the sea during navigation were studied, and the coupling model with the radiation characteristics of the sea surface was proposed. The three-dimensional model of sea surface was constructed by the method of spectrum analysis, and the three-dimensional model of ship navigation flow field was constructed by the method of computational fluid dynamics. According to the different distribution of sea surface components, the radiation characteristics were associated with the three-dimensional structure, and the three-dimensional radiation model of sub meter ocean scene was constructed. Through radiative transfer calculation, multiple reflection simulation in the scene, atmospheric influence and sensor effect simulation, the satellite remote sensing image under the observation condition was finally obtained. The results show that the mean error and standard deviation error of GF-6 satellite images are 9.17% and 9.21% respectively, which are compared with the simulated images under the same imaging conditions. The average gray value, gray distribution and texture details of the images are consistent, which can simulate the ocean target scene under high resolution satellite imaging.