Establishment of a simple neutron calibration field using a moderated 252Cf source: Part II. Experimental characterization of simple neutron calibration field |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Omiya Technical Institute, Mitsubishi Atomic Power Ind., Inc., 1-297, Kitabukuro, Omiya, Saitama, Japan;2. Institute for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo, Midori-cho 3-2-1, Tanashi, Tokyo, Japan;3. Technical Research Institute of Hazama-gumi, Ltd., 4-17-23, Honmachi-nishi, Yono, Saitama, Japan;4. Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan;1. Department of Nuclear Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan;2. Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 104 South Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801, United States;1. CEA, DEN, DER/SPRC/LEPh Cadarache, F-13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France;2. Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares – IPEN/CNEN-SP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2242, Cidade Universitaria, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;3. CEA, DEN, DER/SPEx/LPE Cadarache, F-13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France;4. The Unit of Nuclear Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;5. CEA, DEN, DER/SPRC/LPN Cadarache, F-13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France;6. DEN-Service d’études des réacteurs et de mathématiques appliquées (SERMA), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France;1. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), CH-5232 Villigen-PSI, Switzerland;1. Departamento de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain;2. Servicio de Radiofísica, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain;3. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain;4. Centro Nacional de Aceleradores (US-JA-CSIC), Sevilla, Spain;5. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Frascati, Italy;6. Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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| Abstract: | This paper describes the development and experimental standardization of neutron fields simply arranged for detector calibrations used for radiation control and environmental measurement. These fields are the following: (1) bare 252Cf fission field, (2) iron-moderated 252Cf field, (3) carbone-moderated Cf field, and (4) polyethylene-moderated 252Cf field. These fields are most suitable for calibrating the detectors used in and around nuclear and radiation facilities, since the fields are designed to simulate the typical neutron fields in and around the facilities.The direct neutron components of these fields have been standardized by the following two methods: (1) calculation by the ANISN code, and (2) measurements with and without a shadow shield by detectors standardized in the national standard field at the Electrotechnical Laboratory (ETL). The neutron emission rates of the 252Cf source have been calibrated also at ETL. We have standardized only direct components because of their independence of room size and peripheral structures. The standardized values are energy spectra and dose equivalent rates of the direct neutron components; the accuracies have also been evaluated to be 20% below 100 keV, 15% at 1 MeV, and 50% above 5 MeV. These fields including room scattered components have also been characterized especially to calibrate neutron detectors having sensitivity to low energy room scattered neutrons, because of large errors caused by shadow shield subtraction. |
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