城市节水和污水再生利用与远距离调水战略的比较分析

城市节水和污水再生利用是实现健康水循环的必然要求,也是可持续水管理的重要内容.将我国城市节水和污水再生利用与南水北调战略从经济、环境和生态等多方面进行了比较,结论表明,城市节水和污水再生利用策略在水供需目标的有效性、经济性、决策风险、资源可靠性、生态环境影响、公众可接受性和用水效率等方面具有明显的优势.从技术进步的角度来看,城市节水和污水再生利用潜力的发挥,将显著降低南水北调所需的调水量,对当前我国调水区域的城市水资源管理战略将产生重大的影响.

Comparisons of urban water conservation and wastewater reclamation versus long distance water transfer

Water conservation and wastewater reclamation are the requirements of healthy water cycle,and the key issues of sustainable water resource managements.By comparison,this paper concludes that water conservation and wastewater reclamation have obvious advantages versus the strategy so-called South to North Water Diversion in aspects of effectiveness,financial feasibility,decision risk,resource credibility,environmental impact,public acceptability and water use efficiency.Results also show that potential for conservation and efficiency improvements in China is so large that achievements of water conservation and wastewater reclamation of North China will significantly reduce water volume transferred via Middle and East Route of South to North Water Diversion Project,which will have great influences on China's current water management strategy.