Self-start-up fully integrated DC-DC step-up converter using body biasing technique for energy harvesting applications |
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Affiliation: | 1. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;2. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;1. Power Electronics Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, 010000, Kazakhstan;2. State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, Institute of Microelectronics, FST-ECE, University of Macau, Macao, China;1. Center of Nanoelectronics and Devices, AUC and Zewail City of Science and Technology, New Cairo 11835, Egypt;2. Electronics and Communications Engineering Department, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt |
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Abstract: | An ultra-low power, self-start-up switched-capacitor Two Branch Charge Pump (TBCP) circuit for low power, low voltage, and battery-less implantable applications is proposed. In order to make feasible the low voltage operation, the proposed charge pump along with Non-Overlapped Clock generator (NOC) are designed working in sub-threshold region by using body biasing technique. A four-stage TBCP circuit is implemented with both NMOS and PMOS transistors to provide a direct load flow. This leads to a significant drop in reverse charge sharing and switching loss and accordingly improves pumping efficiency. A post-layout simulation of designed four-stage TBCP has been performed by using an auxiliary body biasing technique. Consequently, a low start-up voltage of 300 mV with a pumping efficiency of 95% for 1 pF load capacitance is achieved. The output voltage can rise up-to 1.88 V within 40 μs with 0.2% output voltage ripple in case of using 400 mV power supply. The designed circuit is implemented by 180-nm standard CMOS technology with an effective chip area of 130.5 μm × 141.8 μm while the whole circuit consumes just 3.2 μW. |
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Keywords: | Cross-coupled voltage doubler Body bias technique Energy harvesting Self-start-up Two-branch charge pump (TBCP) Charge transfer switch (CTS) |
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