Nondestructive high-resolution microwave imaging of biomaterials and biological tissues |
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Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt;2. Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt;1. M.N. Miheev Institute of Metal Physics of Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 18 S Kovalevskaya Street, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia;2. Institute for Applied Physics and Center for Nonlinear Science, University of Muenster, Corrensstrasse 2-4, 48149 Muenster, Germany;3. Central Research Technological Institute “TECHNOMASH”, 4 I. Franko Street, Moscow 121108, Russia;1. Department of Electronics Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu St. 50–438, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania;2. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa;3. Department of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45D St., 15-351 Bialystok, Poland |
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Abstract: | A high-Q near-field probe based on the 2D microstrip line geometry using defected ground structure (DGS) has been proposed and experimentally evaluated for nondestructive characterization and high-resolution imaging of biomaterials and biological tissues. The unique specifications of the probe are as follows; small size, simple fabrication, non-contact with a sample, excellent de-coupling from surroundings and high microwave power is directly coupled into the tissues. Experimental results show that the probe is able to detect the microwave characteristics of thin lossy biomaterials containing water. High resolution microwave images of leaves with different water content have been obtained with amplitude contrast of about 40–50 dB and spatial resolution of about λ/40. Also, a measurement scenario for detection of lipomas with different sizes has been investigated. Results show that the proposed probe can detect the lipoma of a size larger than 5 mm. Finally, an artificial model to detect skin cancer at the early stage is developed using layers of raw chicken skin. Measurement results show that the probe could accurately detect malignant tumor with at least 15 dB magnitude and more than 100° phase contrast from the healthy skin and with about 8 dB contrast from the benign lesions of the same size. |
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Keywords: | Microwave imaging Near-field probe Defected ground structure Lipoma detection Skin cancer |
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