Microbial indicators and pathogens: removal, relationships and predictive capabilities in water reclamation facilities |
| |
Authors: | Costán-Longares Ana Montemayor Michel Payán Andrey Méndez Javier Jofre Joan Mujeriego Rafael Lucena Francisco |
| |
Affiliation: | a Department of Microbiology, Barcelona University, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain b Department of Hydraulic, Coastal and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain |
| |
Abstract: | Four water reclamation facilities in north-eastern Spain were monitored over 2 years to determine the occurrence and concentrations of a set of microbial indicators (total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, spores of sulphite reducing clostridia, somatic coliphages, F-specific RNA phages, phages infecting Bacteroides fragilis strain RYC2056 and phages infecting Bacteroides tethaiotaomicron strain GA-17), and two selected pathogens (cytopathogenic enteroviruses and viable Cryptosporidium oocysts). The indicator (survival) and index (presence) functions of the various indicators tested were evaluated through the wastewater treatments. The inactivation pattern of all groups of bacteriophages tested was closer to the inactivation of enteroviruses than to the inactivation of the conventional bacterial indicators tested. The inactivation of sulfite reducing clostridia spores and bacteriophages more closely approximates the reduction of viable Cryptosporidium than do the conventional bacterial indicators. We observed neither index functions nor a predictive relationship between any of microbial indicators and viable Cryptosporidium oocysts. In contrast, several regression models (r > 0.6) and discriminant functions (67-88% well classified samples) based mostly on numbers of bacteriophages were able to predict both the presence and concentrations of enteroviruses. A combination of both bacterial and bacteriophage indicators seem to be the best choice for ensuring the microbial quality of reclaimed water. |
| |
Keywords: | Microbial indicators Enteroviruses Cryptosporidium Relationships between microorganisms in regenerated effluents Microbial quality in reclaimed water |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect PubMed 等数据库收录! |
|