硅酸盐矿物的硅酸盐细菌浸出工艺研究

采用5种硅酸盐细菌，对含不同硅酸盐矿物的5种矿样（包括铝土矿原矿和人工混合矿）进行细菌浸矿脱硅摇瓶试验和工艺试验。摇瓶试验表明：5种细菌均能较好地浸出矿样中的硅，但其中JXF-1菌的脱硅效果最好；细菌存活环境和硅酸盐矿物的晶格结构影响浸硅效果。工艺试验表明：连续浸出工艺的细菌浸硅效果明显优于摇瓶试验和半连续浸出工艺，并可将浸出时间缩短4 d；以JXF-F菌为浸矿细菌，以含2%蔗糖的阿什比基质矿物盐培养基为细菌培养液和浸出液，采用连续浸出工艺可从铝土矿原矿和含绿泥石人工混合矿获得铝硅比分别为12.53和17.74的精矿，硅浸出率分别达70.1%和83.6%。

Study on Leaching Process of Aluminosilicates by Silicate Bacteria

Shake flask test and process test were made on desilication by bacteria leaching using five types of silicate bacteria and five ore samples containing different kinds of silicate minerals (including run-of-mine bauxite ore and artificially mixed ore).The shake flask test results indicate that the five types of bacteria can all well leach out the silicon in the samples with JXF-1 bacterium having the best desilication effect; and the bacteria existence environment and the crystal lattice structure can affect the silicon leaching effect.The process test results show that the continuous leaching process has an evidently better silicon leaching efficiency than that of shake flask and semi-continuous process, and can shorten the leaching time by four days.Using JXF-F as leaching bacterium, Ashby medium mineral salt substrate containing 2% sucrose as bacterial medium solution and leaching solution, the continuous leaching process can obtain concentrates with the silica-aluminum ratio being 12.53 and 17.74 respectively from the run-of-mine ore and artificially mixed ore containing chlorite, with the silicon leaching rate being 70.1% and 83.6% respectively.