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A formal approach to negotiating agents development
Affiliation:2. Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiation, Faculty of Science, Mohammed I University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco,;3. Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, 11241 Cairo, Egypt;1. Elias University Hospital, 17 Marasti bd, 011461, Bucharest, Romania;2. Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu street, 030167, Bucharest, Romania;3. Politehnica University, 313 Splaiul Independen?ei, 060042, Bucharest, Romania;4. UTP University of Science and Technology, 7 Kaliskiego street, 85-796, Bydgoszcz, Poland;5. University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu street, 540139 Tirgu Mures, Romania;1. University of Warwick, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;2. Warwick Medical School, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;3. Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;4. Public Health England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;5. Senior Lecturer in Public Health Coventry University, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;1. Grupo Parasitología Veterinaria, Departamento Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra. 30 No. 45-03, Ciudad Universitaria, Edificio 481, Bogotá D.C., Colombia;2. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 0 5508-000, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;1. Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest 077125, Romania;3. Ruder Bo?kovi? Institute, P.O. Box 180, Zagreb 10002, Croatia;4. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P. O. Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland
Abstract:This paper presents a formal and executable approach to capture the behaviour of parties involved in a negotiation. A party is modeled as a negotiating agent composed of a communication module, a control module, a reasoning module, and a knowledge base. The control module is expressed as a statechart, and the reasoning module as a defeasible logic program. A strategy specification therefore consists of a statechart, a set of defeasible rules, and a set of initial facts. Such a specification can be dynamically plugged into an agent shell incorporating a statechart interpreter and a defeasible logic inference engine, in order to yield an agent capable of participating in a given type of negotiations. The choice of statecharts and defeasible logic with respect to other formalisms is justified against a set of desirable criteria, and their suitability is illustrated through concrete examples of bidding and multi-lateral bargaining scenarios.
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