黏土介质膜效应室内试验研究新进展

黏土介质是工程防污屏障的重要组成部分,其固有半透膜特性的发挥能够有效减少溶质通量并延缓污染物扩散。膜效应的研究对固废填埋、核废料处置、水土资源保护等均具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。对国内外膜效应室内试验研究成果进行了总结,分析了膜效应的形成与作用机制,详细对比了不同类型膜效应实验装置的优缺点,重点探讨了试样类型对膜效应试验的影响。对膜效应未来的研究方向提出了建议,有待广大的科研工作者开展进一步深入研究。

New progress of laboratory experiments on membrane behavior of clay membranes

The clay membrane is an important component of the engineering barrier for contamination. The manifestation of its inherent characteristics of semipermeability can effectively reduce the solute flux and delay the diffusion of pollutants. The study of membrane behavior has important theoretical significance and practical value in the field of solid waste landfill, nuclear waste disposal, water and soil resources protection, etc. In this paper, domestic and foreign research progress of laboratory experiments on membrane behavior is summarized. The formation and mechanism of membrane behavior are briefly analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of different equipments used in laboratory experiments are compared in detail. The typical laboratory experiments are discussed, with the emphasis of the influence of different sample types on the experiments. Several suggestions about the future study of membrane behavior are put forward, which need to be further addressed.