Correlation of Microstructure, Chip-Forming Properties, and Dynamic Torsional Properties in Free-Machining Steels |
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Authors: | Yongjin Kim Hyunmin Kim Minju Kang Kiho Rhee Sang Yong Shin Sunghak Lee |
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Affiliation: | 1. Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 790-784, Korea 2. Plate Research Group, Technical Research Laboratories, POSCO, Pohang, 790-300, Korea 3. Product Solution Research Group, Songdo Product Application Center, POSCO, Incheon, 406-840, Korea 4. Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung, GmbH, 40237, Düsseldorf, Germany 5. Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 90-784, Korea
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Abstract: | Four free-machining steels were fabricated by varying volume fractions of MnS and soft metal additives of Pb and Bi, and their microstructures, tensile properties, chip-forming properties, and dynamic torsional properties were analyzed. Machining and dynamic torsional tests were conducted on the four steels to investigate chip-forming and dynamic torsional properties, respectively. In the Pb-S- and Bi-S-based steels, the chip thickness and ridge area of the 1st chip obtained from the machining test were smaller than in the S-based steels and were not changed much after repeated machining processes. These chip-forming properties were closely related with dynamic torsional properties. Dynamic maximum shear strains of the Pb-S- and Bi-S-based steels were higher than those of the S-based steels, while dynamic maximum shear stresses were lower, thereby leading to the relatively homogeneous dynamic shear deformation and to the better chip-forming properties and machinability. |
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