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Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Immunomodulation in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer |
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| Authors: | Dorothea Plundrich Sophia Chikhladze Stefan Fichtner-Feigl Reinhild Feuerstein Priscilla S Briquez |
| Affiliation: | 1.Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (D.P.); (S.C.); (S.F.-F.); (R.F.);2.Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 900048, USA;3.Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 900048, USA |
| Abstract: | Colorectal cancer remains one of the most important health challenges in our society. The development of cancer immunotherapies has fostered the need to better understand the anti-tumor immune mechanisms at play in the tumor microenvironment and the strategies by which the tumor escapes them. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular interactions that regulate tumor inflammation. We particularly discuss immunomodulatory cell-cell interactions, cell-soluble factor interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions and cell-microbiome interactions. While doing so, we highlight relevant examples of tumor immunomodulation in colorectal cancer. |
| Keywords: | colorectal cancer molecular interactions tumor microenvironment immune responses cell-cell interactions cytokines extracellular matrix microbiome |