宁夏贺兰山东麓滴灌酿酒葡萄耗水规律及水分生产函数模型研究

为掌握区域滴灌酿酒葡萄生育期耗水特征、加强酿酒葡萄田间水分管理、提高水分生产效率,通过田间试验设置14个灌水处理,基于水量平衡理论,分析了宁夏贺兰山东麓灰钙土滴灌条件下酿酒葡萄生育期耗水规律,采用4种常用水分生产函数模型计算了酿酒葡萄各生育阶段的水分敏感指数及系数,并结合灌溉实际,分析了各模型敏感系数的合理性。结果表明,酿酒葡萄生育期内着色成熟期水分消耗量最大,占全生育期耗水量的26.7%~42.8%;果实膨大期耗水强度达到顶峰,平均耗水强度为4.48mm/d;初果期缺水对产量影响的敏感性最高,应在灌溉中予以重视;初步建立区域水分生产函数模型,为当地优化灌溉制度提供科学依据,也为酿酒葡萄水分生产函数研究提供参考和借鉴。

Wine-making Grape Water Consumption Law and Water Production Function Model under Condition of Drip Irrigation in East Helan Mountain Area of Ningxia

In order to grasp the grape water consumption law in growing period, strength the management of field water content and improve the efficiency of water content in regional drip irrigation wine-making, based on the field experiment setting 14 water processing devices, the theory of water balance was used to analyze the law of grape water consumption in growing period under the Ningxia Helan mountain sierozem drip irrigation conditions. Four kinds of commonly used water production function model were adopted to calculate the wine grape water sensitivity index and coefficient in various growing stages. Combining with actual irrigation situation, the rationality of sensitivity coefficient of each model was analyzed. Results show that the water consumption in colored wine grape fertility period is the largest, which accounts 26.7%-42.8% water consumption in the whole stages; the intensity of water consumption in fruit enlargement stage attains the peak value, and the average water consumption intensity is 4.48 mm/d; the sensitivity of the impact of early fruiting water shortage on the production is the largest, which should be pay attention in the irrigation. Preliminary regional water production function model was established, which provides scientific basis for drip irrigation system and future research of wine-making grape water production function.