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Analysis of the anisotropy,stoichiometry and polytypes in pyrolytic carbon and silicon carbide coatings
Authors:E. López-Honorato  H. Zhang  R.A. Shatwell  P. Guillermier  D. Manara  P. Xiao  J. Somers
Affiliation:1. European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Transuranium Elements, P.O. Box 2340, 76125 Karlsruhe, Germany;2. Materials Science Centre, School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Grosvenor St., Manchester M1 7HS, UK;3. AREVA Lyon, Rue Juliette Recamier, 69006 Lyon, France;1. The State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, 200050, Shanghai, China;2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, China;3. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 201800, Shanghai, China;4. Nuclear Fuel Research and Development Center, China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute, 518026, Shenzhen, China;5. Innovation Research Team for Advanced Ceramics, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 621900, Mianyang, China;6. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China;1. Idaho National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1625, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415-6188, USA;2. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830-6093, USA;1. Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China;2. Research Center Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany;1. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Rd., Oak Ridge, TN, USA;2. X Energy, LLC 7701 Greenbelt Rd., Suite 320, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USA;1. School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering (MACE), University of Manchester, Pariser Building, Manchester M60 1QD, UK;2. School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;3. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Unidad Saltillo, Av. Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila 25900, Mexico
Abstract:Silicon carbide (SiC) and pyrolytic carbon (PyC) coatings in tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated fuel particles were characterised by a combination of 2-modulator generalised ellipsometry microscopy (2-MGEM), Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We compared the values of anisotropy obtained from 2-MGEM and Raman spectroscopy to investigate the effect of sampling area and microstructure. No linear correlation in anisotropy was found between these two techniques despite both sampling areas of 2–5 μm. The largest deviations were observed for highly anisotropic samples with optical anisotropy factors (OPTAFs) above 1.1. For medium and low anisotropy samples (OPTAF < 1.1) the relationship is close to linear. The limited use of only the average value of diattenuation does not give an accurate representation of the characteristics of the coatings as significant areas can exist with considerably higher diattenuations that could increase the probability of failure under neutron irradiation. We also observe a change in the diattenuation of SiC due to the presence of stacking faults as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy was also used to perform semiquantitative analysis of the Si and carbon excess in SiC in four TRISO particles.
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