铜尾矿综合利用研究进展

铜尾矿是铜矿经过选矿作业后产生的粉状或砂砾状固体废弃物,由于铜尾矿的大量排放以及缺乏有效的处理,致使铜尾矿被大量堆积在尾矿库中,给尾矿库以及周边环境带来了严重的环境安全问题。归纳了铜尾矿的化学性质和物理性质,总结了国内外铜尾矿综合利用现状和应用途径,对铜尾矿综合利用方式如有用组分的提取、制备建筑材料、制备充填材料、用于土地复垦以及制备陶瓷、玻璃等进行了详细介绍,并对铜尾矿综合利用的发展趋势进行了展望:铜尾矿的综合利用应以土地复垦为主,如此不仅可以使尾矿库废弃地的生态系统得以重建,还可以避免出现安全问题。

Research progress on comprehensive utilization of copper tailings

Copper tailings are powdery or gravel-like solid wastes generated from beneficiation plant in copper mines.Due to the massive discharge of copper tailings which were not to be handled efficiently,a large amount of copper tailings had to be stockpiled in tailings ponds where serious environmental and safety problems to surroundings were brought.In this paper both the chemical and physical properties of copper tailings as well as the status of comprehensive utilization of copper tailings at home and abroad were summarized.The ways of utilization of copper tailings,including the extraction of valuable elements,preparation of building materials and filling materials,land reclamation,preparation of ceramics and glass were discussed in details and finally the development trend of comprehensive utilization of copper tailings was prospected.The priority should be given to land reclamation for utilization of copper tailings so as to not only rebuild the ecological system for surroundings but also prevent tailings pond from safety accidents.