Evaporation characteristics of kerosene droplets with dilute concentrations of ligand-protected aluminum nanoparticles at elevated temperatures |
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Authors: | Irfan Javed Seung Wook Baek Khalid Waheed Ghafar Ali Sung Oh Cho |
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Affiliation: | 1. Division of Aerospace Engineering, School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Systems Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China;2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China |
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Abstract: | The evaporation characteristics of kerosene droplets containing dilute concentrations (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1.0% by weight) of ligand-protected aluminum (Al) nanoparticles (NPs) suspended on silicon carbide fiber were studied experimentally at different ambient temperatures (400–800 °C) under normal gravity. The evaporation behavior of pure and stabilized kerosene droplets was also examined for comparison. The results show that at relatively low temperatures (400–600 °C), the evaporation behavior of suspended kerosene droplets containing dilute concentrations of Al NPs was similar to that of pure kerosene droplets and exhibited two-stage evaporation following the classical d2-law. However, at relatively high temperatures (700–800 °C), bubble formation and micro-explosions were observed, which were not detected in pure or stabilized kerosene droplets. For all Al NP suspensions, regardless of the concentration, the evaporation rate remained higher than that of pure and stabilized kerosene droplets in the range 400–800 °C. At relatively low temperatures, the evaporation rate increased slightly. However, at relatively high temperatures (700–800 °C), the melting of Al NPs led to substantial enhancement of evaporation. The maximum increase in the evaporation rate (56.7%) was observed for the 0.5% Al NP suspension at 800 °C. |
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Keywords: | Kerosene vaporization High-energy-density fuels Nanofluid fuels Nanoparticles Aluminum |
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