基于多种群遗传算法的全景成像系统非球面设计

提出了一种基于多种群遗传算法的折反射全景成像系统复杂非球面的设计方法。结合广义科丁顿公式及几何光学原理，推导出非球面两镜系统像散表达式。在此基础上，利用多种群遗传算法以像散作为非球面两镜系统像差评价参数，求解出满足消像散及指定透视投影关系的非球面面形方程。给出多种群遗传算法求解非球面面形的实现过程。并用遗传算法最小二乘混合优化算法得到了便于实现光线追迹和像差计算的非球面多项式。研制了一个焦距为-1.2mm，F数为2 ，视场为35°～90°的折反射全景成像系统，给出了实验图像,获得了较好的成像质量。

Design of mirror profile for panoramic imaging system using multi-populations genetic algorithms

A design method of aspherical surface for panoramic imaging system with two mirrors using multi-populations genetic algorithms is proposed. Astigmatism induced by mirrors may significantly compromise the image resolution. To solve this problem, we induced algebraic expression of astigmatism in panoramic imager based on generalized Coddington equation and the theory of geometric optics. Then, we proposed an optimization process for mirror profile design to eliminate astigmatism and provide purposely-designed projection formula with aid of MPGA. A series of polynomial expressions of aspherical surfaces were obtained and procedures of the design were presented. In order to facilitate raytracing and aberration calculation, even asphere surface model was obtained by using of hybrid schemes combining MPGA and damped least squares. Finally, a prototype of the catadioptric panoramic imager had developed and panoramic ring images were obtained.