二组分液体蒸发模型的理论与实验研究

有毒液体泄漏后的蒸发会导致人员中毒和环境污染,估算有毒液体的蒸发速率对于预测有毒蒸汽在环境中的浓度分布至关重要,尤其是多组分液体,蒸发过程较复杂,蒸发速率的预测大都基于经验模型和半经验模型,且很少考虑热传递对蒸发的影响。文中研究建立了描述二组分液体蒸发质量和液体温度随时间变化的数学模型。设计建造了风洞实验台,并针对不同体积配比下的苯和乙醇混合溶液进行了风洞实验,并将实验测量值同模型计算值进行了比较。结果表明,新建立的模型能够较准确地预测二组分液体蒸发质量和温度随时间的变化,其预测平均偏差分别为25.82%和33.79%,从而为今后研究多组分液体的蒸发过程奠定了基础。

Theoretical and experimental study on evaporation model for two-component liquid

Toxic vapor evaporated from released toxic liquid can cause people poisoning and environmental pollution.It is important for predicting toxic vapor concentration in air to forecast evaporation rate of toxic liquid.Especially for multi-component liquid,the evaporation process is complex,and evaporation rate is predicted by experimental model or semi-experimental model.And the influence of thermal transitivity is hardly considered.The model of predicting evaporation mass and temperature of two-component liquid was developed.The wind tunnel experiment device was designed.The solution composed of benzene and ethanol,which at different volume ratio,was placed in wind tunnel to make experiments.The measured value was compared with the predicted value.The result indicates that the predicted evaporation mass and temperature of solution are equivalent to the measured ones,and the average error is 25.82% and 33.79% respectively,thus providing the basis to research evaporation process of multi-component liquid.