植烟土壤适宜施硒量研究

采用大田试验方式，在硒含量较低的土壤上施用亚硒酸钠，分析其对烤后烟叶硒含量、品质及卷烟产品安全性的影响，确定了植烟土壤适宜施硒量。结果表明：（1）烤后烟叶硒含量随土壤施硒量增加呈现抛物线趋势，当土壤施用亚硒酸钠量为13.50 kg/hm²时，烟叶硒含量最高。（2）土壤施用亚硒酸钠为6.75~11.25 kg/hm²时，烟叶烟碱等化学成分含量较适宜、可用性较高，评吸质量较好。（3）富硒烟叶可降低卷烟产品细胞急性毒性、致突变能力以及诱导细胞活性氧产生的能力。通过综合分析土壤施硒量对以上各种指标的影响，确定植烟土壤施用亚硒酸钠的适宜量为6.75~11.25 kg/hm²。

Study on the Suitable Application of Selenium in Tobacco-planting Soils

Based on field experiments, the influence of the application of sodium selenite in selenium-deficient soils on selenium content, quality of flue-cured tobacco and the safety of cigarette were analyzed, and the suitable application amount was determined. The results indicated that:(1)The selenium contents of flue-cured tobacco showed a parabolic trend with the increase of the application amount of sodium selenite, with the highest selenium content observed when the application amount was 13.50 kg/ha.(2)When the application amount of sodium selenite in soils ranged from 6.75 to 11.25 kg/ha, the contents of chemical components in tobacco leaves were suitable, the chemical component usability and the smoking quality of tobacco were better.(3)Acute toxicity, mutagenic ability and the ability of inducing oxygen free radicals of selenium-rich cigarettes were lower than that of selenium-deficient cigarettes. By comprehensively analyzing, the suitable application amount of sodium selenite in tobacco-planting soils was determined as 6.75-11.25 kg/ha.