Label-free probing of G-quadruplex formation by surface-enhanced Raman scattering |
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Authors: | Rusciano Giulia De Luca Anna Chiara Pesce Giuseppe Sasso Antonio Oliviero Giorgia Amato Jussara Borbone Nicola D'Errico Stefano Piccialli Vincenzo Piccialli Gennaro Mayol Luciano |
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Affiliation: | Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Complesso Universitario, Universitá di Napoli Federico II, Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy. giulia.rusciano@na.infn.it |
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Abstract: | In this work, we establish the use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) as a label-free analytical technique for the direct detection of G-quadruplex formation. In particular, we demonstrate that SERS analysis allows the evaluation of the relative stability of G quadruplexes that differ for the number of G tetrads and investigate several structural features of quadruplexes, such as the orientation of glycosidic bonds, the identification of distortions in the sugar-phosphate backbone, and the degree of hydrogen-bond solvation. Herein, the fluctuation of the SERS spectra, due to the specific interaction of vibrational modes with the SERS-active substrate, is quantitatively analyzed before and after quadruplex formation. The results of this study suggest a perpendicular orientation of the quadruplexes (with or without the 3'-tetra end linker) with respect to the silver colloidal surface, which opens new perspectives for the use of SERS as a label-free analytical tool for the study of the binding mode between quadruplexes and their ligands. |
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