Review on the interface engineering in the carbonaceous titania for the improved photocatalytic hydrogen production |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Nanocatalysis and Solar Fuels Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516 005, Andhra Pradesh, India;2. Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, 562112, Karnataka, India;1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China;2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India;2. Centre for Renewable Energy and Materials, University of Kerala, Kariavattom Campus, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India;3. Department of Chemistry, St. Gregorios College, University of Kerala, Kottarakkara, Kollam, Kerala, 691 531, India;1. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edif. Marie Curie, Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014, Córdoba, Spain;2. Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain;3. Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, 117198, Russia |
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| Abstract: | Hydrogen is the prime source of energy with enormous attention in the current research development process as it is safe, clean, eco-friendly, and can be produced from renewable resources through simple catalytic reactions. Scalable production of hydrogen through photocatalysis has been achieved using carbon-modified semiconductors since 2009. In this direction, this review delivers comprehensive understandings into the interface and structural interactions between TiO2 and carbonaceous materials such as carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, activated carbon, graphitic carbon nitride, carbon quantum dots, etc., and their influences toward improving the hydrogen generation activity of these systems. Besides, recently developed carbonaceous materials such as 3-D graphene, carbon nanohorns, and carbon nanocones have also been discussed on their character in the photocatalytic water splitting procedure. In general, the observed improvements in this carbon-modified TiO2 attributed to the synergetic effects, which offer the active migration of charge carriers and reduced recombination rates in the photocatalyst. Finally, highlighting the future perspectives of the carbonaceous materials in photocatalytic applications are concluded. |
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| Keywords: | Photocatalysis Hydrogen Carbonaceous materials Composites Band gap engineering |
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