Using harmonised life-cycle indicators to explore the role of hydrogen in the environmental performance of fuel cell electric vehicles |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Systems Analysis Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935, Móstoles, Spain;2. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933, Móstoles, Spain;3. Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, Italy;1. Systems Analysis Unit, Instituto IMDEA Energía, E-28935, Móstoles, Spain;2. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, E-28933, Móstoles, Spain;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;3. Avrasya University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Trabzon, Turkey;1. Systems Analysis Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935, Móstoles, Spain;2. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933, Móstoles, Spain;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan;2. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407224, Taiwan;1. Systems Analysis Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935, Móstoles, Spain;2. Chemical and Environmental Engineering Group, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28933, Móstoles, Spain |
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| Abstract: | This work uses harmonised life-cycle indicators of hydrogen to explore its role in the environmental performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) passenger vehicles. To that end, three hydrogen fuel options were considered: (i) conventional, fossil-based hydrogen from steam methane reforming; (ii) renewable hydrogen from biomass gasification; and (iii) renewable hydrogen from wind power electrolysis. In order to increase the robustness of the life-cycle study, the environmental profile of each hydrogen option was characterised by three harmonised indicators: carbon footprint, non-renewable energy footprint, and acidification footprint. When enlarging the scope of the assessment according to a well-to-wheels perspective, the results show that the choice of hydrogen fuel significantly affects the life-cycle performance of PEMFC vehicles. In this regard, the use of renewable hydrogen –instead of conventional hydrogen from steam methane reforming– is essential when pursuing low carbon and energy footprints. Nevertheless, the identification of the most favourable renewable hydrogen option was found to be conditioned by the prioritised life-cycle indicators. |
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| Keywords: | Acidification Carbon footprint Energy footprint Harmonisation Life cycle assessment Passenger car |
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