大理烟区不同类型植烟土壤养分状况分析

对大理烟区1111个土壤样品的养分状况进行分析。结果表明,(1)大理烟区主要土壤类型为红壤、水稻土、新积土和紫色土,4种土壤类型pH值介于4.66~8.46之间,不同土壤类型pH值适宜烤烟生长(5.5~7.0)的比例分别为红壤67.22%、新积土63.49%、紫色土61.91%、水稻土57.80%;(2)4种土壤类型有机质含量整体较为丰富,含量高低依次为水稻土(42.55 g/kg)> 红壤(36.04 g/kg)> 新积土(35.51 g/kg)> 紫色土(28.76 g/kg);(3)土壤碱解氮、速效磷平均含量均以水稻土最高,紫色土最低;土壤速效钾平均含量以红壤最高,紫色土最低;(4)土壤水溶性氯偏高的土壤(>30 mg/kg)所占比例分别为水稻土19.7%、红壤16.8%、紫色土9.09、新积土8.72%;(5)4种土壤类型有效锌含量整体较为丰富,除紫色土有效锌含量低于临界值(<0.5mg/kg)的土壤比例达6.06%以外,其余3种土壤类型有效锌含量低于临界值的土壤比例均较低;有效硼含量低于临界值(<0.5mg/kg)的比例以红壤最高达51.79%,其余土壤类型在38.87%~43.29%之间;4种土壤类型有效钼含量低于临界值(<0.15mg/kg)的比例均较高,分别为紫色土89.18%、新积土77.78%、水稻土68.54%、红壤56.47%。 

Analysis of nutrient status in different types of tobacco-growing soil in Dali

1111 topsoil samples from Dali tobacco-growing areas were collected and analyzed. Results showed that:(1) the main soil types in Dali tobacco-growing areas were red soil, paddy soil, fluvo-aquie soil and purple soil, with pH values in the range of 4.66~8.46. The proportion of pH values suitable for tobacco cultivation(5.5~7.0) were 67.22%, 63.49%, 61.90% and 57.80%,respectively. (2) Average contents of organic matter (OM) of different soil types were generally high, and paddy soil had the highest, followed by red soil, fluvoaquie soil and purple soil. (3) Contents of soil alkalytic nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) were highest in paddy soil, while content of available potassium (AK) was highest in red soil. Purple soil had the lowest content of AK, AP and AK. (4) The proportion of soil water soluble chlorine (>30mg/kg) was highest in paddy soil, which was 8.72%, followed by red soil 9.09%, purple soil 16.8% and fluvo-aquie soil 19.7%. (5) Soil available zinc were generally abundant expect in purple soil where available zinc was 6.06%, which was less than the critical value (0.5 mg/kg). The proportion of soil available boron (less than critical value of 0.5mg/kg) was highest in red soil with a ratio of 51.79%, and the others ranged from 38.87% to 43.29%. The proportion of soil available molybdenum (less than critical value of 0.15mg/kg) were all relatively high, which were 89.18%, 77.78%, 68.54%, 56.47% for purple soil, fluvo-aquie soil, paddy soil and red soil, respectively.