基于无源RFID标签天线转向架表面裂纹检测研究

在高速列车长期、快速行驶中,其转向架金属结构会因疲劳、应力、环境等因素影响，产生金属裂纹。为了在高速列车中的转型架金属表面实现远距离无损检测并判断是否存在裂纹，设计了一种应用在超高频频段的微带贴片型射频识别（Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)抗金属标签，配合RFID芯片，标定RFID阅读器与标签天线的位置和其发射天线的功率，当金属表面存在裂纹时标签天线谐振频率会向低频移动，并产生影响导致RFID系统识别距离的改变，从而实现金属表面裂纹检测。使用高频结构仿真(High Frequency Structure Simulator,HFSS)软件对天线结构进行优化，使其与芯片阻抗匹配，模拟了天线在金属表面存在裂纹的情况。由仿真结果可以分析得出：设计的无线有芯片微带贴片型RFID转向架表面裂纹检测标签能够有效地实现远距离监测金属表面裂纹长度、方向的变化情况。

Research Based on Passive RFID Tag Antenna Bogie Surface Crack Detection

The bogie metal structure produces metal craks due to fatigue,stress,environment and other factors in the long-term and fast driving of high-speed trains. In order to achieve long-distance nondestructive detection of cracks on the metal surface of the transformation frame of high-speed trains,a microstrip patch type radio frequency identification(RFID) anti-metal tag applied in the ultra-high frequency band is designed.It works with RFID chips to calibrate RFID reader and tag antenna position and the power of its transmitting antenna.When cracks exist on the metal surface,the tag antenna resonant frequency moves to low frequency and produces effects leading to RFID system recognition distance change,so as to achieve the metal surface crack detection.The antenna structure is optimized by using high frequency structure simulator(HFSS) software to match the impedance of the chip,and the presence of cracks on the metal surface of the antenna is simulated.From the simulation results,it can be analyzed that the designed wireless with chip microstrip patch type RFID bogie surface crack detection tag can effectively achieve remote monitoring of changes in the length and direction of metal surface cracks.