微生物单井防蜡技术研究与应用

通过分析含蜡原油组分的特点，有针对性地筛选出具防蜡作用的细菌F18菌组，并通过其与原油作用试验探索细菌防蜡的机理。研究表明，F18菌组对长链脂肪烃的降解能力强，产表面活性剂能力强，经F18菌组作用后，原油中对结蜡贡献较大的烷烃和总烃组分减少，使原油含蜡量和凝固点下降；2004～2005年已在288口油井上实施了微生物单井防蜡处理，233口取得了显著的增油和油井维护效果，有效率为80.9％，已累计增油32683t，平均单井增油113.5t。其油井维护作用主要表现为延长热洗周期甚至代替热洗和减少化学药剂的用量。

Technique for Single-well Microbial Wax Prevention and Its Application

By analyzing the components of wax-bearing crude,the group of microbe F18 is selected accordingly.The wax prevention mechanism is investigated through experiment of the microbe with crude oil.The study shows the group of F18 has a strong precipitation capacity to the long-chain fatty hydrocarbon and a strong capacity for production surfactant.The wax components and total hydrocarbon component in crude oil which are of great contribution to wax deposit are all reduced,thus the wax content and its condensate point are reduced,too.The technique of single well microbial wax prevention has been used in 288 wells from 2004 to 2005,better results are obtained in 233 wells with effective rate of 80.9%,accumulated oil increment is 32683t,oil increment of average single well is 113.5 t.The technique can be used to prolong the period of thermal well flushing or to replace the thermal flushing and reduce the usage of chemical agent.