中国生物质产业及发展取向

煤炭、石油等化石燃料属于不可再生的资源，并且日趋枯竭.面对不可再生资源短缺问题和环境污染问题，人们急切希望寻求环境友好、成本低廉的可再生材料替代化石燃料.生物质主要成分是纤维素、半纤维素、木质素和少量的二氧化硅，是碳和硅含量丰富的可再生资源.因此，以生物质为原料制备高性能化学品的研究具有重要意义.结合本课题组前期在生物质综合利用方面的研究成果，介绍了生物质材料的化学组成，综述了以生物质为原料制备碳材料、硅材料和复合材料及其在工业脱硝、污水处理等领域的应用，并展望了未来生物质材料的发展前景.

China's biomass industry and development orientation

Fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum are non-renewable resources and are becoming increasingly depleted. Faced with the shortage of non-renewable resources and environmental pollution, people are eager to seek environmentally friendly and low-cost renewable materials to replace fossil fuels. The main components of biomass are cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and a small amount of silica, which is a renewable resource rich in carbon and silicon. Therefore, the research on the preparation of high-performance chemicals with biomass as raw materials is of great significance. Combined with the research results of biomass comprehensive utilization in the early days of our research group, the chemical composition of biomass was mainly introduced, the preparation of carbon materials, silicon materials and composite materials using biomass as raw materials and their applications in industrial denitration and wastewater treatment were summarized. Finally, the future development prospects of biomass materials were presented.