抛掷爆破对内排土场边坡稳定性影响的试验研究

 针对黑岱沟露天煤矿抛掷爆破作用下内排土场高台阶边坡稳定性问题，利用相似模拟试验和数字散斑观测方法，研究动载作用下边坡的变形规律。试验结果表明：抛掷爆破可将煤层上覆大量岩石破碎抛掷到采空区，形成沉降漏斗，沉降约17 cm，块度较为均匀；抛掷爆破产生的应力波具有很强的方向性，引起内排坡体与煤层底板原岩在交界处发生微小错动，边坡体整体向临空面发生水平位移，且发生沉降，坡体内部沉降位移最大。爆破引起内排土场边坡发生微小的位移，不会引起内排土场发生破坏性的滑移，坡体结构是稳定的。因此，应用相似模拟试验的方法研究动静载荷作用下坡体变形是可行的。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF CAST BLASTING ON INNER DUMP SLOPE STABILITY

The high-step slope stability of inner dump slope in Heidaigou opencast coal mine under the influences of cast blasting is studied by dynamic similarity simulation experiment and digital speckle correlation method. The results indicate that a lot of rocks above seam are broken and cast to inner dump during the course of cast blasting. The blasted settlement is 17 cm；and the size of blasted rock fragment is homogeneous. The stress wave is strongly directional；and the relative motion occurs at contact plane between inner dump slope and seam earth. The horizontal displacement to free face and settlement occur in the slope；and the settlement in inner slope is the largest. The movements of the inner dump slope，relative to bench height，are very small，which would not lead to landslide or damage. Therefore，it is feasible to apply dynamic similarity simulation experiment to study slope deformation.