舰船高性能防腐蚀防污涂料研究进展

简要论述了海洋防腐蚀防污涂料的发展历史和研究现状,重点论述了舰船高性能防腐蚀防污涂料的最新研究进展。有机锡自抛光防污涂料被禁止使用之后,基于丙烯酸锌、丙烯酸铜和丙烯酸硅烷酯的自抛光防污涂料得到了广泛应用。基于含防污功能基团树脂的防污涂料、基于降解树脂的防污涂料以及基于表面结构特性的防污涂料技术成为当前防污涂料研究的热点。文中详细报道了降解树脂的结构对降解性能及力学性能影响规律,以及表面结构特性对污损释放型防污涂料防污性能的影响规律。随着环境保护法规的日趋严格,防腐蚀涂料向无溶剂(或高固体)、长效方向发展。报道了提高涂层的湿态附着力和致密性的方法,采用该方法可以大幅提高涂层的力学性能和耐蚀性能,满足了远洋和深海装备发展需求。

Research Progress of High Performance Anticorrosive and Antifouling Warship Coatings

The development history and research status of marine anticorrosive and antifouling coating were introduced briefly. The latest research progresses of high performance anticorrosive and antifouling warship coatings were discussed emphatically. Self-polishing antifouling coatings based on acrylic acid zinc, acrylic acid copper and acrylic acid silane have been used widely after organictin self-polishing being prohibited. The technologies based on biocide grafting, degradable resin and surface micro-structure are the topic research in antifouling coating. The relationships between structure and degradation properties, mechanical properties of the degradable resin were discussed in detail. The relationships between surface mico-structure and antifouling properties of the fouling release coating were also discussed. The development directions of anticorrosive coating are solventless （ or high solid content） and long-term service with more and more strict envi- ronmental protection laws. This paper reported a method for improving wet adhesion and compactness, which can greatly improve mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of anticorrosive coatings. These anticorrosive and antifouling coatings meet the development needs of the ocean liner and deep-sea equipments.