聚丙烯/聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯共混物及其纤维性能

以原位悬浮聚合法制备聚苯乙烯/超支化聚酰胺酯(PS/HBP)复合粒子,通过双螺杆共混挤出制备系列聚丙烯(PP)/PS/HBP三元共混物。运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对PS/HBP复合粒子进行分析,以偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热仪和锥板流变仪等仪器研究了PP/PS/HBP共混体系的相容性、聚集态结构、结晶性和流变性等性能,以万能材料试验机、红外染色机和电脑测色仪研究纤维的力学性能和染色性能。结果表明:PP、PS为热力学不相容体系,少量HBP的加入即可改变PP球晶结构,使球晶小而密,同时PS均匀分散在PP中;引入HBP使得PP的结晶结构有所完善,结晶温度和结晶度升高;引入PS/HBP复合粒子对PP纤维可纺性影响不大,表现为结构化黏度指数轻微升高,但共混纤维可拉伸性较纯PP有极大提高,力学性能有明显改善,染色性能也有显著提高。

The Structure of PP/PS/HBP Blend System and its Properties of Fiber

Polystyrene/hyperbranched polyesteramide （PS/HBP） composite granules were synthesized by in- situ suspension polymerization technique. A twin-screw extruder was used to prepare the PP/PS/HBP ternary blend system. The ingredient of PS/HBP composite particles was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT ,IR）. The compatibility, aggregation structure, crystallinity and rheological behavior of the PP/PS/HBP ternary blend system were investigated by the polarization microscope（PLM）, differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and rotational rheometer, respectively. The mechanical property and dyeing property were characterized by universal material testing machine, infrared dyeing machine and computer color measurement instrument, respectively. The morphology of PP and PS showed that they were incompatible system, and PS distributed evenly in the spherocrystal of PP. The crystallization behavior of PP in PP/PS/HBP ternary blend system showed HBP acted as a nucleation agent which could dramatically destroy the spherocrystal of PP, while the degree of crystallinity and crystal perfection were improved with the increasing content of HBP. The rheology behavior of PP/PS/HBP blends was similar to that of PP. Mechanical and dyeable performance of PP fiber after-drawing process was significantly improved than that of neat PP.