Fluid flow and mass transfer in an inductively stirred four-ton melt of molten steel: A comparison of measurements and predictions |
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Authors: | N El-Kaddah J Szekely G Carlsson |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mining, Petroleum, and Metallurgy, Cairo University, Egypt 2. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139, Cambridge, MA 3. MEFOS, Lule?, Sweden
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Abstract: | Experimental measurements are reported on melt velocities and on the rate at which immersed carbon rods dissolve in a 4-ton
induction furnace, holding a low carbon steel melt. These measurements are compared with theoretical predictions, based on
the numerical solution of Maxwell’s equations and the turbulent Navier-Stokes equations. In general, good agreement has been
obtained, both regarding the absolute values of the velocities and the mass transfer coefficients and the trends predicted
by the theoretical analysis. In addition to providing further proof regarding the applicability of the mathematical modeling
technique, the principal contribution of the work is that it provides an improved insight into the behavior of inductively
stirred melts. In particular it was found that for an inductively stirred melt both the velocities and the rate of turbulence
energy dissipation are relatively uniform spatially, in contrast to bubble stirred systems, where most of the agitation is
confined to the jet plume and to the near surface region. It was found, furthermore, that the mass transfer coefficient characterizing
the rate of dissolution of immersed carbon rods depends both on the absolute values of the melt velocity and on the local
values of the turbulence intensity; thus significant mass transfer will occur in the region of the eye of the circulation,
where the absolute value of the mean velocity is small.
On leave at Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
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