基于蒸汽蒸馏的黄酒和葡萄酒酒精度测定方法研究及应用

目的 建立一种利用蒸汽蒸馏测定黄酒和葡萄酒酒精度的方法，并比较该方法与水浴加热蒸馏法测定市售黄酒和葡萄酒酒精度结果的差异。方法 通过分析模拟酒样蒸馏前后酒精度测定结果的差异以及蒸馏时间对酒精度测定结果的影响，验证利用蒸汽蒸馏测定酒精度的可行性，并确定蒸馏时间；通过乙醇回收率实验分析蒸汽蒸馏测定黄酒和葡萄酒酒精度的准确性；分别采用蒸汽蒸馏和水浴加热蒸馏对市售不同酒精度的黄酒和葡萄酒进行测定，比较两方法测定结果的差异。结果 模拟酒样在使用蒸汽蒸馏前后测得的酒精度无显著性差异，最适蒸馏时间为8min；黄酒和葡萄酒采用蒸汽蒸馏测得的加标回收率分别为95.9%和98.8%；蒸汽蒸馏与水浴加热蒸馏对市售不同酒精度的黄酒和葡萄酒的酒精度测定结果一致，无显著性差异(P>0.05)，精密度也符合国家标准要求。结论 蒸汽蒸馏法适用于黄酒和葡萄酒酒精度的测定，结果准确、重复性好。与水浴加热蒸馏相比，其操作更简便、快速。

Research and application of determination method for alcohol content in Huangjiu and wines based on steam distillation

Objective To establish a method for determination the alcohol content of Huangjiu and wines by steam distillation, and compare the difference between steam distillation and the water bath heating distillation on the alcohol content of Huangjiu and wines purchased from the market. Methods Through analyzing the difference of alcohol contents of simulated wine samples before and after steam distillation and the effect of distillation time on alcohol contents, the feasibility of steam distillation was verified, and the distillation conditions were optimized. Furthermore, the accuracy of the steam distillation for the alcohol content determination of Huangjiu and wines were analyzed by ethanol recovery test; Then the steam distillation and water bath heating distillation were used to determine the alcohol content of Huangjiu and wines with different alcohol content purchased from market respectively, and the differences of results between the two methods were compared. Results The results showed no significant difference in alcohol content of simulated wine samples before and after steam distillation, and the optimal distillation time was 8 min. The recovery rate of Huangjiu and wines by steam distillation were 95.9% and 98.8%, respectively. The alcohol contents measured by steam distillation and water bath heating distillation were consistent and had no significant differences (P>0.05), and the precision also met the requirements of the national standard. Conclusion The steam distillation is suitable for the determination of alcohol content of Huangjiu and wines, and the results are accurate and reproducible. Compared with water bath heating distillation, its operation is simpler and faster.