真菌毒素吸附剂开发及吸附效果评价方法研究进展

国家高度重视节粮减损工作，强调采取多项措施降低粮食损失。真菌毒素污染造成了粮油和饲料资源的损失，并严重威胁人类和畜禽健康。采用物理、化学和生物法可以脱除真菌毒素，提高饲料资源的利用价值，其中吸附剂吸附是通过吸附剂和真菌毒素稳定结合成复合体的脱毒方式。对传统吸附剂的多重改性、新型吸附材料的开发显著提升了脱毒效果。综述真菌毒素吸附剂的种类及其在粮油饲料中使用效果的评价方法，简要介绍了铝硅酸盐类、碳材料、有机高分子、生物吸附剂和新型吸附材料等真菌毒素吸附剂的改性方法，重点介绍了体外法、人工胃肠液体外模拟和动物试验在真菌毒素吸附剂有效性和安全性评价中的应用，可以为新型高效真菌毒素吸附剂的开发、科学应用及其吸附机制解析提供参考。

Research Progress on Mycotoxin Adsorbent and Evaluation Methods of Adsorption Effect

Chinese authorities pay high attention to food saving and loss reduction work, and emphasize to take various measures to reduce food loss. The mycotoxin pollution in grain and feed has caused food loss and seriously threatens the health of humans and livestock. The physical, chemical and biological methods can detoxify mycotoxin and improve the utilization value of feed resources. Adsorption is a detoxification method by stably combining adsorbents and mycotoxins into complexes. The multiple modification of traditional adsorbents and the development of new adsorbent materials have significantly improved the adsorption effect. This article will review the types of mycotoxin adsorbents and the evaluation methods of its adsorption effects in grain and feed. The modified methods of mycotoxin adsorbents, such as aluminosilicates, carbon materials, organic polymers, bio-adsorbents and new materials, will be briefly introduced. Besides, the application of in vitro method, artificial gastrointestinal fluid parenteral simulation and animal experiment in the evaluation of efficacy and safety of mycotoxin adsorbents will be highlighted, which can provide references for the development, scientific application and analysis of adsorption mechanisms of mycotoxin adsorbents.