海洋钻井装备技术现状与发展思路研究

为了助推海洋钻井装备的持续发展,重点对发达国家钻井平台建造能力及建造水平、平台建造数量和钻探深度、高端钻井装备最新成果及我国在钻井平台自主设计、半潜式平台建造技术、钻井装备自主开发、水下关键装备研究等现状进行了详细分析。分析结果表明,我国在海洋装备研发设计能力、大型钻井平台配套开发能力、产品设计实践经验、水下关键装备开发研究、海工试验基础条件和平台整体集成控制研究等方面与国外仍存在着较大差距。在此研究基础上,提出了未来海洋钻井装备将逐渐向多类型和多领域、适应超深水高风险和复杂地层、向环境保护和绿色产品及智能化和水下钻井技术发展4点发展思路,并结合实际提出我国应认真做好海洋钻井装备发展规划、努力做好海洋装备基础研究工作、由浅入深做好钻井系统配套开发、集中攻克一批关键卡脖子技术等4点发展建议。

Technology Status and Development Thinking of Offshore Drilling Equipment

To promote the sustainable development of offshore drilling equipment,detailed analyses are carried out focusing on the construction capacity and level of drilling platforms in developed countries,the number of platforms built,the drilling depth,the latest achievements of high-end drilling equipment,and China's drilling platforms independent design,semi-submersible platform construction technology,drilling equipment independent research and development and key subsea equipment.The analyses results show that China still has great gap with foreign countries in terms of offshore equipment R&D and design,large-scale drilling platform supporting development,product design experience,subsea key equipment development,basic offshore test conditions,and integrated platform control.The four future development ideas of offshore drilling equipment are proposed:multiple types and fields;being adapted to ultra-deep water,high-risk and complex formations;environmental protection and green products;and intelligent subsea drilling technology.Combined with the actual situation,four development suggestions are put forward:carefully planning the development of offshore drilling equipment;making great efforts on marine equipment basic researches;completing the development of drilling systems from easy to difficult;and focusing on occupying a number of key technologies.