氨基树脂改性聚醚多元醇的合成及残留甲醛的去除

以三聚氰胺、尿素、甲醛溶液、高活性聚醚多元醇为原料合成了氨基树脂改性聚醚多元醇。讨论了甲醛、三聚氰胺投料比对改性聚醚多元醇稳定性的影响，确定了减压脱除甲醛的最佳条件，对比了不同甲醛去除剂的除醛效果，并考察了改性聚醚多元醇的阻燃效果。结果表明，当甲醛与三聚氰胺投料摩尔比确定为4．5时，合成的改性聚醚多元醇稳定性最好；改性聚醚多元醇减压脱醛温度控制为100～120℃，时间为8h，可达到最佳脱醛效果；结合减压脱醛处理，再先后用氧化剂、甲醛捕捉剂和光触媒的分别处理可将制成高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的甲醛量降低至16mg／kg；以改性聚醚多元醇制成的高回弹聚氨酯泡沫氧指数达到27％，最大烟密度值为4．11。

Synthesis of Amino-Resin Modified Polyether Polyol and Eliminating Residual Formaldehyde Method

Amino resin modified polyether polyol was prepared with melamine, urea, formaldehyde solution and high active polyether polyol. The effect of formaldehyde, melamine feed ratio on the modified polyether polyol stability was dieussed. Optimal conditions for vacuum reducing the formaldehyde were determined, different formaldehyde removal agents were compared and the flame retardance of modified polyol was discussed. The results showed that, when the molar ratio of formaldehyde and melamine was determined as 4. 5, the modified polyether polyol had the best stability. When vacuum reducing formaldehyde,the temperature was controled at 100 -120℃ and lasted for 8 h, the effect was the best. The formaldehyde amount of high resilence foam could be reduced to 16 mg/kg, the oxygen index of the foam reached 27% ,maximum smoke density value was 4. 11.