燃料电池汽车氢能系统的环境、经济和能源评价

为了推动氢能系统评价工作的深入进行并为我国在近期发展燃料电池汽车氢能系统(包括燃料电池汽车及其氢源)提供有价值的参考，根据现有的生产、储存和输运氢的技术，设计了11种可行方案，运用生命周期评价方法对这些方案的环境性、经济性和能源利用情况进行了评价，得到了每种方案的分类环境效应指数、氢气总成本和总能量利用效率。结果表明，综合指标最优的燃料电池汽车氢能系统方案是：天然气集中制氢厂制氢，然后用汽车将装有氢气的高压钢瓶输运到加氢站，加注给以氢气为燃料的燃料电池汽车。

ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMIC AND ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF HYDROGEN ENERGY SYSTEM ABOUT FUEL CELL VEHICLES

In order to promote the assessment work of hydrogen energy system and supply useful references to develop the hydrogen energy system for fuel cell vehicles (including fuel cell vehicles and their hydrogen sources) in the near future in China,11 feasible plans of the hydrogen energy system for fuel cell vehicles according to the current technologies of producing,storing and transporting hydrogen were designed,then used life cycle assessment as the tool to evaluate the environmental,economic and energy performances of the 11 plans.The matrixes of category environmental effect indexes,the hydrogen costs and the total energy efficiencies of the 11 plans were obtained,and the results shown that the best one of the plans is hydrogen produced by natural gas steam reforming in the central factory,and the hydrogen gas cylinders transported to the hydrogen stations by trucks.The hydrogen is filled to the fuel cell vehicles in the hydrogen station.