反相悬浮法合成高吸水性树脂的研究

以过硫酸钾为引发剂 ,N ,N 亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂 ,采用反相悬浮法合成了聚丙烯酸钠高吸水性树脂。反应最佳原料配比为 :单体中和度 80 % ,m (引发剂 )∶m(单体 ) =0 .1∶10 0 ,m(交联剂 )∶m(单体 ) =0 0 5∶10 0 ,m(油相 )∶m(水相 ) =2 2∶1 0 ,在此条件下产品的吸水率 (6 6 0g/g)和吸盐水率 (6 4g/g)最高 ,吸盐水速度较快 (2 9 6s) ,热稳定性良好 ,在 2 5 0℃以下热处理对其吸水性能无明显影响。引入非离子性单体聚丙烯酰胺AM ,使n (AM)∶n (AA +AM) =0 3∶1 0 ,能显著提高产物的吸水速度 (3s)和吸盐水率 (>10 0g/g)。水中金属离子和有机溶剂的存在使产物的吸水率显著降低

Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymers by Inverse Suspension Method

Poly(sodium acrylate) superabsorbent polymer was synthesized by inverse suspension method,and the material ratios were optimized by orthogonal experiment.The optimum material ratios were:neutralizing degree of monomer=80%,m(initiator)∶m(monomer)=0.1∶100.0,m(crosslinker)∶m(monomer)=0.05∶100.00 and m(organic phase)∶m(aqeuous phase)=2.2∶1.0.Under these conditions,the obtained product had the highest water absorbency(660　g/g) and 0.9% salt solution absorbency(64　g/g).The water absorbing capability of the product could keep unchanged at 250 ℃,which meant that the product had a satisfied thermal stability.Effects of introducing another monomer acrylamide in the polymer and presence of inorganic salts and organic solvents in water on the properties of products were also investigated in detail.