影响酒精性肝病发病的遗传学研究进展

酒精性肝病是由长期酗酒引起的肝功能损伤，对全球公众健康和社会发展造成严重威胁。但是，酒精性肝病的发病具有很大的个体差异。与酒精代谢酶、脂质储存、炎症反应和纤维化相关的基因多态性都可以影响酒精性肝病的发病风险。此外，近年来的全基因组关联研究，发现了PNPLA3 rs738409等在大部分人群中得到广泛验证的与酒精性肝病易感性相关的位点。这些研究，对于进一步了解疾病的发病机理及临床诊断和防治具有重要意义。本文将对最近几年与基因多态性及酒精性肝病易感性相关的遗传学研究做一综述。

Genetic research on the incidence of alcoholic liver disease

Alcoholic liver disease is the chronic liver injury caused by alcohol abuse, which is a serious threat to global public health and social development. However, the incidence of alcoholic liver disease has great individual differences. The genetic polymorphisms associated with alcohol metabolism enzyme, lipid storage, inflammatory response and fibrosis can affect the risk of alcoholic liver disease. In addition, recent genome-wide association studies have also found the PNPLA3 rs738409 and other SNPs which were proved to be associated with alcoholic liver disease susceptibility in different populations. These studies are of great significance to further understand the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease. This article reviews the recent studies related to association between gene polymorphism and alcoholic liver disease susceptibility.