The fate of trace elements and bulk minerals in pulverized coal combustion in a power station |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institutite for Groundwater Studies, University of the Free State, Nelson Mandela Drive, 9301 Bloemfontein, South Africa;2. Department of Earth Sciences & Research Center on Natural Resources, Health and the Environment, University of Huelva, Campus ‘El Carmen’, 21071 Huelva, Spain;3. Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, 9301 Bloemfontein, South Africa;4. iCRAG and School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Beldfield 4, Ireland;5. Mineralogy and Petrology Department, Complutense University of Madrid, Av. Complutense s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;6. Advanced Mining Technology Center, University of Chile, Avda. Tupper 2007, 8370451 Santiago, Chile;7. Mining Engineering Department, University of Chile, Avda. Tupper, 2069, Santiago, Chile;8. Department of Water, Mining and Environment, Scientific and Technological Center of Huelva, University of Huelva, 21004 Huelva, Spain;9. Department of Mining, Mechanic, Energetic and Construction Engineering, Higher Technical School of Engineering, University of Huelva, Avda. de las Fuerzas Armadas, S/N, 21071 Huelva, Spain;10. Life Science, Central University of Technology, 9301 Bloemfontein, South Africa;11. iWater, North West University, 5 Walter Sisulu Rd, Park West, 9301 Bloemfontein, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | The behaviour of 15 trace elements (As, Ba, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, V, Y, Zn and Zr) and 10 major and minor elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Si and Ti) in coal during combustion in a power station has been studied. Synchronized sampling of pulverized coal, bottom ash and fly ash was undertaken over a limited time period. Fly ash morphology was studied by SEM and the mineral composition was studied by EDX and XRD. Major, minor and trace elements were determined by XRF and AAS. Differences between the composition of the ashes of pulverized coal, bottom ashes and fly ashes have been observed. As, Cu, Mo, Pb and Zn were concentrated in the fly ash. The relationship between the composition of the fly ashes and their particle size was studied. Enrichment factors were calculated for each element in different size fractions. As the particle sizes of fly ash decrease, the concentrations of As, Cu, Mo, Pb and Zn increase. From the different composition of bottom ashes and fly ashes (and relying on the results of the characterization of the feed coal carried out in previous work), it can be assumed that pyrite and carbonates make a greater contribution to the furnace bottom ashes. Quartz carries through into the fly ash. This mineral is almost absent in the finest fractions, reflecting the absence of small quartz particles in the feed coal. |
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